PSG has now claimed the season-opening trophy on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, Marseille fired two times late to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.